https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colt_1851_Navy_Revolver

“Thomas writes that courts should determine whether a modern-day gun regulation fits within the nation’s historical traditions by drawing ‘historical analogies’ to early American gun laws.”
Thomas’s opinion suggests that these analogies may need to be drawn to laws that existed in 1791, when the Second Amendment was ratified; or that they may need to be drawn to laws that existed in 1865 — when the Fourteenth Amendment, which requires states to comply with the Second Amendment, was ratified."

“In any event, there are fairly obvious reasons why it is hard to draw reliable analogies between modern-day regulations and laws from earlier centuries."

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Ian Millhiser Jun 23, 2022, 3:00pm EDT

So is the most modern type of firearm that ordinarily Americans can carry a percussion cap like Wild Bill Hickok’s Colt Navy Revolver?

“Wild Bill’ Hickok's favorite guns were a pair of Colt 1851 Navy Model (.36 caliber) cap-and-ball revolvers. They had ivory grips and nickel plating, and were ornately engraved with "J.B. Hickok–1869" on the backstrap. He wore his revolvers butt-forward in a belt or sash (when wearing city clothes or buckskins, respectively), and seldom used holsters; he drew the pistols using a "reverse", "twist", or cavalry draw, as would a cavalryman.^[9]As Marshal of Hays, Hickok had a Adams and Deane percussion .44-caliber pistol”

^FROM:

Wild Bill Hickok

Bullock & Wild Bill Confront Ned Mason - Deadwood